AIM To study the impact of the position of sclera tunnels, in which the trans-scleral sutures to fix the posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC-IOL) were buried, on cornea astigmatism.
METHODS This prospective noncomparative case series study comprised of 32 aphakic or cataract eyes. 14 had traumatic cataract removed without sufficient capsular support, 4 had blunt trauma with subluxated traumatic cataract, 11 had undergone vitreoretinal surgery, and 3 had congenital cataract removed. The average age was 48years (range 21-72 years), with 17 men and 15 women. The foldable PC-IOL was fixed in the sulcus by trans-scleral suture. The incision for IOL implantation was made 1mm posterior to the limbus along the steepest meridian of cornea, while the opening of scleral tunnel to bury the knots were cut along the flattest meridian. The the tunnel was made parallel to the limbus and 3mm long to bury the suture knots. The tunnel was self-cllosed without suture. All the surgeries were performed by a single doctor (Ma L), and the follow up was at least 13 months (range 13-32months). The preoperative and 3 months ,1 year postoperative corneal curvature along the steepest and flattest cornea meridian and overall cornea astigmatism were compared.
Results The curvature along the steepest meridian changed from 44.25±2.22 D preoperatively to 44.24±2.35 D at 3 month postoperatively, and 43.56±5.16 D at 1 year postoperatively (p>0.05); the curvature along the flattest meridian changed from 41.32±2.42 D preoperatively to 42.25±3.76 D at 3 month postoperatively, and 41.88±4.79 D at 1 year postoperatively (P<0.05); and the surgery induced astigmatism (SIA) on the cornea was calculated by vector analysis, which was 2.34±2.41at 3 months postoperatively, and 1.68±3.15 D at 1 year postoperatively, the difference was of statistically significant ( P<0.05).
Conclusion The scleral tunnels made along the flattest meridian ,under which the posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOL) were sulcus-fixed by trans-scleral suture, can steepen the cornea in varying degrees, thus reducing preexisting corneal astigmatism.